What Is Imprimatura?
What is imprimatura in classical oil painting?
Imprimatura literally means "first paint layer", and is a technique used in classical oil painting to establish the first layer of paint on the canvas. It is a thin, transparent layer of paint that is applied over the entire surface of the canvas to create a unified color and tone. The color of the imprimatura can vary depending on preference and the desired effect, but it is typically a warm or cool tone that will influence the overall color harmony of the painting.
The imprimatura layer can be used on its own to create a monochromatic painting or as a foundation for subsequent layers of paint. It can also be combined with other techniques, such as the wipeout method, to create various effects. The imprimatura layer can be an essential step in some classical oil painting processes as it provides a base for subsequent layers of paint.
What color should you use for your imprimatura?
The choice of color for your imprimatura layer depends on the overall color scheme you want to achieve in your painting. However, it's common to use a warm and earthy color that can serve as a base for flesh tones and enhance relative contrast.
A popular mixture for imprimatura is a warm, muted brown tone. If you're using the Apelles palette, you can mix orange and a small amount of black to achieve an ideal brown.
It's important to note that the imprimatura color should not be too intense or overpowering, as it's meant to serve as a foundation for subsequent layers of paint. Choosing the right imprimatura color can simplify your painting process and help you achieve harmonious and lifelike colors in your finished work.
How to imprimitura
1. Mix The Color
To apply the imprimatura, you'll need to prepare your paint mixture beforehand. Combine your warm oil colors with turpentine and/or linseed oil to create a thin, even consistency. You can mix the paint on a palette or directly on the canvas.
2. Apply Transparently
Next, use a large brush or a rag to apply the imprimatura to the entire canvas. The key is to apply it thinly and evenly, using a pressing motion to ensure that the paint is pushed into the fibers of the canvas. If you notice any imperfections or areas that need more coverage, use a rag to smooth out the paint and even it out.
3. Not Too Thick
Remember, the goal of the imprimatura is to create a transparent layer that allows the white or lighter tone of the canvas to show through. If the layer is too thick, it may cover up too much of the canvas and impede your ability to create the desired effects in your painting.
4. Enjoy The Toned Surface
Once you've applied the imprimatura, you have several options for how to proceed. If you want to start painting right away, you can use the wipeout method or paint using wet on wet. If your goal is simply to tone the canvas, you should allow it to dry before beginning your painting. Once dry you can begin painting directly, paint grisaille, or even begin glazing.
Why is imprimatura used in classical oil painting?
Imprimatura is a preparatory layer of paint that is applied to a canvas before the actual painting begins. The primary purpose of imprimatura is to establish a base color for the painting and create a unified tonality across the canvas. By applying a thin layer of paint in a specific color, you can eliminate the stark color of the canvas and create a more natural base color that can be used to build up the subsequent layers of paint. Generally this layer will add more warmth and a darker tone to the initial color of the canvas.
In addition to providing a solid working color, imprimatura also serves as a foundation for the overall tone and mood of the painting. Depending on the color and tone of the imprimatura, you can create a range of effects, from warm and inviting to cool and moody. By establishing this foundational layer, you can also establish the relative contrast of the painting, making it easier to achieve high contrast and other desired effects. This layer will essentially dictate the color that your subject takes on and what kinds of contrast you will be using. It is especially important to tone your canvas if it is stark white.
Overall, imprimatura is an essential step in providing a base for the subsequent layers of paint and establishing the overall tone and mood of the painting.
A Better Alternative
Another solution for coloring or toning your canvas is oil ground preparation. While imprimatura does offer some benefits, overall oil ground preparation is better because it offers a more permanent surface. To read more about the benefits of oil ground preparation: CLICK HERE
To Buy High Quality Oil Ground Prepared Linen or Glued Linen:
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